A Correlative Study Showing the Relationship of Salivary Uric Acid Level with the Metabolic Syndrome Components & Its Severity

Introduction: Uric acid, the metabolic product of Purine nucleotide, increased in the metabolic syndrome condition which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The metabolic syndrome comprises components of some complex interrelated factors such as dysglycemia, raised blood pressure, elevated triglyceride levels, low – high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and obesity. As uric acid level in serum & saliva increases in metabolic syndrome, testing of salivary uric acid may be a useful noninvasive approach for monitoring cardio metabolic risk. Objective: To find out the correlation, if any, between salivary uric acid and the components of metabolic syndrome and its severity. Materials and methods: Among the patients came to hospital for metabolic syndrome clinic, the volunteers without any known condition that affect salivation were recruited as subjects (195) for the study. The subjects were divided into three groups based on the number of components of the metabolic syndrome as group I (having 3components), group II (having more than 3 components) and group III (having 1 or 2 components) and their height, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, was measured and blood test with lipid profile and fasting blood glucose were obtained. Saliva samples were collected and salivary uric acid levels were determined in all the subjects. Result & Discussion: Salivary uric acid was significantly elevated in subjects with more number of metabolic abnormalities (Group II), p = < 0.0001. Significant correlations were seen when comparing the Salivary uric acid level with either of the WC (r = 0.343, p = <0.0001), systolic BP (r = 0.272, p = < 0.0001), diastolic BP (r = 0.362, p = <0.0001), FBG (r = 0.224, p = 0.0016), Total Cholesterol (r = 0.145, p = 0.042), Triglycerides (r = 0.276, p = <0.0001), HDL – C (r = -0.407, p = <0.0001), LDL – C (r = 0.173, p = 0.0156) levels. Conclusion: Salivary uric acid can be used as a non – invasive biomarker for monitoring the metabolic syndrome.